NLRP3炎性小体与骨及关节疾病发生的研究进展
Latest Findings on NOD-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing Protein 3 Inflammasome and Bone and Articular Diseases
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摘要: 炎性小体是固有免疫系统的重要成员,由胞浆内模式识别受体组装,通过影响下游炎症因子释放和激活以及细胞焦亡,在多种炎症性疾病的发生和进展中起到重要作用。目前NLRP3炎性小体已被证明与心血管疾病、代谢异常等密切相关。以骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎等为代表的骨和关节的炎性疾病在人群中发病率高,可导致骨、软骨的器质性破坏,引起疼痛甚至功能障碍,影响生活质量。已有研究提示多种骨和关节炎性疾病发病机制与NLRP3炎性小体相关。针对NLRP3炎性小体的小分子抑制剂显现出一定的治疗前景,但其临床应用可行性仍需进一步探究。本文将对NLRP3炎性小体的构成、作用及其与骨相关疾病的关系进行综述。Abstract: Inflammasomes are important components of the innate immune system. They are assembled by cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors and play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of various inflammatory diseases through regulating the release and activation of inflammatory cytokines and inducing cell prytosis. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been widely studied and has been shown to be closely associated with cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Bone and joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis show high prevalence worldwide and can cause bone and cartilage damage, pain, and dysfunction, adversely affecting the patients' quality of life. The reported findings of some studies indicate that the pathogenesis of various bone and articular diseases is associated with NLRP3 inflammasome. Small molecule antagonists targeting NLRP3 inflammasome have shown considerable therapeutic potentials, but their clinical application still needs further exploration. Herein, we reviewed the composition and function of NLRP3 inflammasome and its association with bone and articular diseases.